There are various symptoms that are caused by problems affecting the bladder.

• Incontinence
• Frequency
• Urgency
• Retention

Bladder problems are related to the bladder muscle, bladder valve or a bladder prolapse. A physical examination, followed by examination of the bladder cavity called a cystoscopy, will determine the nature of treatment.

Depending on the cause or the symptoms, treatment is either medication or surgery, or commonly a combination of both.